DETERMINATION OF COMPOUNDS FROM ELECTRONIC WASTES CONVERTION IN ENVIRONMENT
UDC 614.7, 628.5
Keywords:
-Abstract
The results of the quantitative metal analysis of the environmental samples associated with electronic wastes processing in China and India were obtained. High levels of toxic metals which known to have extensive use in the electronics sector were found around workplaces, surrounding soils and water courses. Extremely high levels of lead, tin, copper and cadmium were registered. The levels of barium, chromium, cobalt, gold, mercury, nickel, silver and zinc were also relatively abundant in many samples.
References
1. Alloway B.J. Heavy metals in soils. ISBN 0470215984. – New York,1990.
2. Bellinger D., Dietrich K.N. Low-level lead exposure and cognitive functioning in children // Pediatric Annals. – 2000. – Vol. 23. – P. 600-605.
3. Betram M., Graedel T.E., Rechberger H. та ін. The contemporary Euro¬pean copper cycle: waste management subsystem // Ecological Economics. – 2002. – Vol. 42. – P. 43-574.
4. Boghe D. Electronic scrap: a growing reso¬urce // MBM. – 2001. – June. – P. 21-24.
5. Cui J., Forssberg E. Mechanical recycling of waste electric and electronic equipment: a review // J. of Hazardous Materials. – 2003. – Vol. B99 – P. 243-263.
6. Butte W., Heinzow B. Pollutants in house dust as indicators of indoor contamination // Rev. in Environment. Contamin. and Toxicol. – 2002. – Vol. 175 – P. 1-46.
7. Canfield R.L., Henderson C.R., Cory-Slechta D.A. et al. Intellectual impair¬ment in children with blood lead concentrations below 10 mu g per deciliter // New England J. of Medic. – 2003. – Vol. 348, № 16. – P. 1517-1526.
8. Culbard E.B., Thornton I., Watt J. et al. Metal contamination in British urban Dusts and soils // J.of Environment. Quality. – 1998. – Vol. 17, № 2. – P. 226-234.
9. Feszty K., Murchison C., Baird J. et al. Assessment of the quantities of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) in Scotland // Waste Managem. and Res. – 2003. – Vol. 21 – P. 207-217.
10. Gerhardt, A. Review of impact of heavy-metals on stream invertebrates with special emphasis on acid conditions // Water air and soil pollution. – 1993. –Vol. 66, № 3-4. – P. 289-314.
11. Jenkins R.O., Morris T.A., Craig P.J. et al. Evalu-ation of cot mattress inner foam as a potential site for microbial generation of toxic gases // Human and Experim. Toxicol. – 2000. – Vol. 19, № 12. – P. 693-702.
12. Kentner M., Leinemann M., Schaller K.H. et al. External and internal antimony exposure in starter battery production // Intern.l Archiv. of Occupat. and Environment. Health. – 1995. – Vol. 67, № 2. – P. 119-123.
13. E-waste in Switzerland. – Künzler Bossert & Partner GmbH – http://www.umwelt-schweiz.ch/buwal/eng/fachgebiete/ fg_abfall/ abfallwegweiser/ eschrott/index.html. – 2001.
14. OECD. Technical guidance for the environ¬mentally sound management of specific waste streams: used and scrap personal computers. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Working Group on Waste Prevention and Recycling. – 2003. – ENV/EPOC/WGWPR(2001)3/FINAL.
15. Shih L-H. Reverse logis¬tics system planning for recycling electrical appliances and computers in Taiwan // Resourc., Conserv. and Recycl. – 2001. – Vol. 32. – P. 55-72.
16. Rasmussen P.E., Subramanian K.S., Jessiman B.J. A multi-element profile of house dust in relation to exterior dust and soils in the city of Ottawa, Canada // Science of the Total Environment. – 2001. – Vol. 267, № 1-3. – P. 125-140.
17. Salomons W., Forstner U. Metals in the hydrocycle. ISBN 3540127550.
– Berlin; New York; Tokyo, 1984.
18. Tong S.T.Y., Lam K.C. Home sweet home? A case study of household dust contamination in Hong Kong // Science of the Total Environment. – 2000. – Vol. 256. – P. 115-123.
19. UNEP. E-wastes in Asia and the Pacific // Background document for the regional expert group meeting. Bangkok, June 2004.
20. Zhang and Forssberg E. Mechanical recycling of electronics scrap – the current status and prospects // Waste Managem. Res. – 1998. – Vol. 16, № 2. – P. 119-128.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2008 M. Cлободяник, I. Лабунська, K. Брігден
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
